What is Bearing? What are Main Types of Bearings?

Today we will learn about bearing and types of bearings. Bearing is a machine element that have constrained relative motions and used to reduces friction between moving parts of machine to obtain desired motion or we can say that the machine elements which are support the rotating parts of a machine and reduce friction are called bearings. For example to stop deviation in a shaft of a  machine while rotating, a bearing is used. part to bear another. The main functions of bearings are

• To reduce friction between moving rotatory parts.
• To support rotating parts of a machine.
• To bear radial and thrust load.

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Types of bearings:

According to design, load and shape, there are many types of bearings used in industries. The mains bearings can be classified as follows.

According to the Friction:

on the basis of friction bearings are classified as

1. Friction bearing:

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As the name implies, in this bearings the bearing surface is in contact with moving surface or the shaft which produces more friction. These bearing are made up of cast iron, bronze, brass, baibit and white metal having hollow round shape. Lubricant is used for slow moving and heavy weighted running on shaft. These bearings to support crack shaft, rocker arm of IC engine. Friction bearing are also subdivided into following types

(A.)Solid bearings:

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It is a simplest hole made in cast iron to support the shaft and form running fit. These are made up of cast iron or bronze in the form of bush and press-fitted in fabricated or cast iron housings. This is used for small and light shafts moving at low speed. A hole is provided on its face of lubrication.

(B.)Split bearings:

Split bearings are same like solid bearings but have an arrangement of split. Split bearings are made in halves and assembled in special plumber blocks. It has collar on its external surfaces and also made in two parts as shown in figure.

(C.)Self-aligning bush bearings:

It consist mainly two parts. The first one is cast iron block and other is bush. These bearing bush are made up of brass or any other soft material in round shape. To protect it from moving, a screw is fixed at one end and this screw is fixed half to the bush and half in block.

(D.)Adjustable slide bearings:

It can adjust the tightness between bearings and the shaft. This type of bearing has provision for wear adjustment. The bearing is fitted in the tapered hole of the housing for adjustment of wear. The bearing is drawn inside by means of a slotted ring nut

Advantages and disadvantages of friction bearings:

Advantages:

• Friction bearings are cheap to produce and have noiseless operation.
• They can be easily machined, occupy small radial space and have vibration damping properties.
• They can cope with tapped to the foreign matter.

Disadvantages:

• It damages machines.
• It restricts early movement of machine
• It produces a lot of heat energy.
• 2. Anti-friction bearing:

The main purpose of these bearings is to minimize the friction in bearing. Due to this reason, the speed of an object increases and friction and temperature decreases. Such bearing have long life. These bearing also sub-divided into following categories.